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- Senior Staff Fellow, Transfusion Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Bethesda, MD, (1998-2000)
- Fellowship, Transfusion Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, (1997-1998)
- Residency, Laboratory Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Saint Louis, MO, (1989-1994)
- MA/MD, Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, (1984-1989)
- BS, Biochemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, (1980-1984)